The History of Physics Essay - 1534 Words

The History of Physics In order to attempt to trace the origins of the modern science that we now refer to as â€Å"physics,† we must begin with the origin of the term itself. Taken from the Greek word â€Å"physika† meaning growth or nature, physics most obviously began as the intelligent study of the human environment (Webster 393). From superstition and religious practices, the foundation of all other sciences was born. These concepts have subsequently grown into what we regard today as physics. It can be easily argued that the earliest evidence of mankind’s scientific assessment of the physical world can be traced to the Babylonians. In all probability, the Babylonians had the first written language†¦show more content†¦The discovery of the studies and technologies of these previous cultures does in some regard require a glance farther back. A Greek philosopher named Herodotus supposedly reported that Pythagoras lived in both Egypt and Babylon where he studied mathematics (Lindberg 13). It is impossible to determine whether this is historical fact or merely legend. It would be extremely difficult to ascertain exactly how much of the Greek’s thinking was influenced by such cultures; if in fact it was influenced at all. Many texts choose the ancient Greek port of Miletus as the beginning of the discovery of nature that we commonly think of as the original physics. The town of Miletus is credited as the home of a Greek philosopher named Thales and what is know of Thales is taken from the writings of Aristotle (Spangenburg 8). Thales is considered to be the first example of a person leaving supernatural explanations in an effort to better understand the natural world (Lindberg 29). If Thales of Miletus recorded any of his own ideas, none have survived. At least none have yet been discovered. Anaximander, another Greek philosopher, was a student of Thales and expressed a belief that all life originated in theShow MoreRelatedA Brief History Of Early Nuclear Physics889 Words   |  4 Pages1 Introduction 1.1 A Brief History of Early Nuclear Physics In the early 1900s it was seen that a small number of alpha particles were deflected by a large angle, the current model at the time predicted only small deflections of the particles. These results were explained by introducing a tiny positively charged nucleus into our picture of the atom. Although beta decay had been observed as early as 1896 and was known to contain electrons, it wasn’t until 1914 that they would break the law of energyRead MorePhysics: The History of Backscatter Ratherfod Essay632 Words   |  3 Pagesbackscatter Ratherford definition It consists in measuring the number and energy of ions in a beam backscatter after collision with the near surface of a sample , wherein the beam was targeted region atoms . history Rutherford backscattering (RBS ) is based on collisions between atomic nuclei and is named after Lord Ernest Rutherford, who in 1911 was the first to introduce the concept of atoms whose nuclei . theory When a sample is bombarded by a beam of high energy particles , the majority ofRead MoreAudience And Purpose Goes Here1302 Words   |  6 Pagespay gap between males and females, females are still to this day very sparse within scientific communities and are especially underrepresented in the field of physics. 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Towards the end of the 19th century physics was mostly thought to be at an apex. One man at the time, William Thomson Kelvin [cited by Glen Elert in The Physics Hypertextbook], said along the lines of â€Å"There is nothing new to be discovered in physics now. All that remains is more and more precise measurement.† This statement was to quickly become fiction with the beginnings of the 1900s. Two major problems in physics were still apparent; Theories on the luminiferous ether. ThatRead MoreThe Physics of Acoustic Guitar800 Words   |  4 Pages The Physics of Acoustic Guitar Everything in the universe involves some type of physics. Even the universe itself does, but have you ever wondered about the physics of simpler items? Physics is vital for all musical instruments, if it wasn’t; they probably wouldn’t produce the beautiful sounds that they do. One of these instruments is acoustic guitar. 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Stephen Hawking, the most famous living scientist today, wrote A Brief History of Time in 1988, updated in 1996, in order to take upon this daunting task of explaining basic theoretical physics to a population who had previously barely studied any science. Within A Brief History of Time, Hawking touches upon seven topics in-depth whileRead MoreNewton s 2nd Law : The Physics Of Physics982 Words   |  4 PagesNewton s 2nd law is a very important concept in physics such that it can determine the acceleration of an object based on its mass and the net force applied to the object. In this experiment, a glider was used to calculate the acceleration based on the hanging mass applied in the system. The goals of the experiment consisted of observing the relationship between acceleration and the applied force on an object which is represented in the experiment through the acceleration of the glider based onRead MoreAn Extraordinary Man From Demark920 Words   |  4 Pagesman was Niels Bohr, and he made fundamental contributions in the way one can understand the atom s structure. In addition to the structure, he also had an impact in the early development in quantum mechanics. His impact not only made a change in history, but also changed the way people looked at the atom’s structure. We can now build and learn from Niels Bohr and his foundations. Originating from Denmark, reigns an intelligent man from a well-educated family. Neil s Bohr is the son of Christian

The Security Policies For An Organization Essay - 2020 Words

Security is paramount for any organization. Managers need to ensure employees do not break the rules, and managers should be in tune with standards set forth concerning both security and safety. Macpherson, Robert, and Frederick M. Burkle talks about the principal of Organizational Security and they state, â€Å"It establishes the corporate standard for staff safety and security requirements and commitment based on the precepts of ‘Duty of Care.’ It is a signal to all stakeholders, staff, trustees, management, partners and donors that the organization takes the safety and security of its staff and the integrity of its programs seriously† (2013). Although managers do not write the rules governing most procedures, the managers are encouraged to enforce the standards of an organization to ensure there is no misconception of what policy states and how policy is applied. Supervisors should know whom to contact if a question arises concerning any policy that an answer i s unknown. The security policies for an organization can cover numerous areas, but most organizations attempt to simplify these areas to include three main branches that filter down to the multiple areas of concern. These main themes are information security, personnel security, and physical security. Information security management is the widest net cast in the security area that ties to both personal and physical security in any company and supervisors help to enforce this cumbersome section. AR 380-5 tells us,Show MoreRelatedAn Organization s Security Policy3152 Words   |  13 PagesApproximately one out of every five data breaches occur due to insider threats. Training all employees throughout an organization in line with the organization’s security policy will combat the threats on sensitive information imposed by malicious insiders and accidental insiders. Training end users to identify attacks against them will reduce the attack surface of the organization. Training managers to be more aware of possible attacks against them will prevent the possible release of the highlyRead MoreThe Presidential Policy Directive Regarding The Organization Of The National Security2267 Words   |  10 PagesPresidential Policy Directive regarding the organization of the National Security Council System replaces all previous National Security Presidential Directives. This change allows President Obama to shape the National Security Council to his liking, allowing for a more conducive meeting structure for the designated attendees and chairs. The Presidential Policy Directive-1 seeks to make the interagency aspect of the NSC more strategic, agile, transparent and predictable. The Presidential Policy Directive-1Read MoreThe Security Policies That Organizations Have Created For Interactions Among Staff1150 Words   |  5 Pagesreport on the security policies that organizations have created for interactions among staff. Such policies are important as they ensure security for the organizations system while providing proper work ethics in the workplace. The policies ensure that maximum productivity is assured without any interruptions as all cases and exceptions have handling mechanisms as defined in the policy. This paper seeks to present an audit on some of the mobile and social media policies in organizations. However, sinceRead MoreThe Ethics And Ethics, Prevention And Protection1459 Words   |  6 PagesThe Security professional is a must to understand the law and ethics, prevention and protection, security issues and controlling the risk associated with the programs. The report would present the governance, policies, the implementation and procedures and the standards ensures the security of the organization. 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Moreover, it allowed people to communicate with each other in all over the world and to share information, documents and pictures by using mobile phone and social media such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, and Instagram. These things made governments, organizations and information security experts in IT thinking seriously about finding right strategiesRead MoreUnit 5 Assignment 11371 Words   |  6 PagesResources Risk Mitigation: Objective †¢ Human resources policies and practices should reduce the human risk factors in information technology (IT) security and information access controls. Decrease the risk of theft, fraud or misuse of information facilities by employees, contractors and third-party users. Scope †¢ the organization’s human resources policies, taken as a whole, should extend to all the persons within and external to the organization that do (or may) use information or information processing

Written and Explanations free essay sample

Lord, you have scrutinized me And your knowledge of me Is Greater then I could possibly Imagine. You know my every move before I make it, And every place I go before Im there. Your spirit can be sensed In every kind of atmosphere, Showing me the path through the world of darkness When I am lost; as you do not fear the unknown Like me But the unknown fears you. Your arms are always open to me, You find me when I hide And save me from my fears. Lord, your mighty power has placed me on Earth. With how you have planned my life You show your love for me.The choices I make are to live up To your expectations, To show my love for you. I pity the ones that stray from you, The ones that criticize my trust and belief, The trust and belief I have for You and your ways. We will write a custom essay sample on Written and Explanations or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page God, test me as you please My heart is true to you Make clear the path to enlightenment And everlasting love. Themes and explanation God knows you more then anybody, even more then you know yourself. God is creator of all; therefore he sees all and knows all. God is everywhere; you cant hide from IM in a world he created.He can see you in the darkness and is willing to help the lost, troubled and misguided; no matter where you are from and no matter who you are. God Is our creator, the Lord has given us everything we know of; he has made us were made and where we came from so he does not discriminate. Characteristics of God God is all knowing, as he created everything with intentions for things to ultimately be the way things are. God is a leader, strong and caring; as he is not afraid of the dark, to lead and show others the true way. Attitude towards God The perspective of this Psalm towards God is very intimate and close. It gives off very positive images towards Gods way of life as well. Relations with the Author I dont really relate to this poem as personally as the author did, as I am not a very religious person so God doesnt play a huge role in my life as it would for some others to be honest. Im very indifferent towards God. The Psalm tells me that Gods feelings towards me are that of understanding and love. God is always there for the lost individuals in crisisPsalm 139 doesnt change how I view myself but it does give me more of a perspective or understanding towards all those that believe the in the Lord. (As it is written that the lord is always there no matter where I am; none discriminating. I believe that psalm should effect how we treat others, because this piece of writing explains ones belief and trust in God; we should respect everybodys view and take on religion and life, particularly in a world, where religion leads many people to do drastic things.

Message to garcia free essay sample

In the book, Message to Garcia, Rowan was asked to deliver a message to General Garcia, whom was in Cuba at the time. However, General Garcia was in a place that very few people knew about which made it impossible to send him the message through a telegraph. The only way they could reach him was by somebody directly brining the message to General Garcia, which Rowan was tasked to do. When Rowan was told about this mission he was not given any more information other than what to do. He used his own means and carried out the mission, and in the face of many obstacles he did not abandon his assignment. Rowan showed many traits we as Marines strive to emulate. Discipline is a way of behaving that shows a willingness to obey rules or orders. Discipline and dedication are the two biggest character traits that I took away from the book, A Message to Garcia. We will write a custom essay sample on Message to garcia or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It shower a disciplined individual, such as Rowan, who was able to adapt to unfavorable circumstances and maintain his sense of mission and accomplish the task at hand. Rowan was told to do something and didn’t ask any questions. He did not stop till the job was finished. He proves he can be trusted to carry out any task from the simplest to the most complicated and important.

Mr Kiana Essay Example

Mr Kiana Essay Unit one stories of heroes Lesson 6 the death or Arthur How does Mordred manage to have himself crowned the king of England? Answer) He lies and says Arthur is dead. (Sir Mordred tells the public that Arthur has died while fighting Sir Lancelot in France Why is the treaty between Arthur and sir Mordred broken so quickly? Answer) A snake bites a knight; and the knight draws his sword to kill the snake, which sparks the battle (such unfortunate twists of fate are common in medieval legends. What qualities does Sir Bedivere display the first two times Arthur dispatches him to throw Excalibur into the water? Answer) Selfishness and greed(The first two times Arthur dispatches him to throw Excalibur back into the water, sir bedievere convets the sword and tries to disobey Arthur and keep it for himself As he is being rowed away by the four queens, Arthur tells sir Bedivere to Answer) take care of himself, for the king is too weak to lead anymore. (Arthur is reminding his knight to be self-sufficient and strong. When Arthur dies, sir Bedivere behaves in ways that show him to be Answer) loyal and honorable (sir Bedivere fasts and prays with the hermit after Arthur’s death, thus displaying his continuing loyally to his fallen leader. Special Qualities Arthur’s Qualities At several points in the story, Arthur displays an uncommon capacity for forgiveness and wisdom, he sets aside his dispute with Lancelot to ask for his help in defeating Sir Mordred, then, he agrees to a treaty with the traitorous Sir Mordred. We will write a custom essay sample on Mr Kiana specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Mr Kiana specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Mr Kiana specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Finally, he forgives sir Bedivere after Bedivere fails to throw the sword in the water at his request Challenges Throughout his life. Arthur relies on the code of chivalry as he faces and overcomes significant challenges. Yet, forgetting the code, he fails at the critical moment; he lets anger govern his behavior in the battle with Sir Mordred, attacking his son despite dire warnings not to engage the battle. Through Arthur survives the encounter with mordred, his is mortally wounded and has had to slay his son. The young man who should have been his heir. Faith and ideals Even though Arthur is punished for his anger, he remains an exceptional individual who embodies the faith and ideals of his culture. The beginning of his reign shows that he still enjoys this favor. He is carried away in a boat to the vale of Avalon, a mythical island paradise, and is tended by black-clad queens with magical powers. Arthur receives exceptional and supernatural assistance in life and in death. Arthur’s judgment Arthur’s demonstrates intelligence and good judgment in his decision to set aside his dispute with Sir Lancelot and ask the knight to help him defeat sir Morderd. Arthur’s strength Mordred tried to keep Arthur’s army from landing at dover, but Arthur’s returning army was able to sweep the traitor from the beaches. Arthur also shows strength and courage in the battle against Sir Morderd, where the rode through the battle many times, in great danger that day Arthur’s Piety Arthurs’ piety and devotion to God are revealed when he listens to the warning from sir Gawain in his dream and asks to make a treaty with Sir Mordred, in spite of all the Mordred has done. Sir Gawain says that God has sent his special grace to Arthur to warn him against fighting Sire Mordred Arthur’s devotion Arthur’s devotion to womanhood is honored by the four queens who tend to him after his grievous journey. Arthur’s virtues Arthur’s generosity is demonstrated when he allows Sir Mordred to rule Cornwall and Kent while Arthur lived. He also shows his love of and service to others, as well as his courtesy and pity in his handling of Sir Bedivere’s betrayal Arthur is struck and gravely injured as a result of his decision to attack sir Mordred. What does Arthur’s fate suggest about failing to behave selflessly and honorably? Answer) Arthurs’ fate suggests that giving in to anger and seeking vengeance are selfish and dishonorable behaviors. Behaving in this way is not heroic, as punishment for his serious injury can be understood as punishment for his failure to act according to the chivalric ode. Special qualities Lacking Mordred greed Sir Mordred’s demands show that he is not only deceitful, envious, and untrustworthy, but also greedy and selfish; he demands rights and rule that is not rightfully his. Such qualities fly in the face of the selflessness and service demanded by the chivalric code Mordred Challenges Mordred’s main purpose is to serve as a villain in the story. Though he does face trail in battle, Mordred’s main challenge is internal. An ambitious young man, he distrusts his father’s nobility. He wants power for himself and is not willing to wait for his father’s authority and judgement to receive it Mordred, impatient and disrespectful, opely defies the chivalric virtueof loyalty and right treatment of those above him in rank Mordred Faithless Before agreeing to the treaty, sir mordred demands to be recongnized as the ruler of the regions Cornwall and Kent while Arthur lives and to be named sovereign ofall England after Arthur’sdeath. His greedy insistence on these demands violates the right relationship of a knight to hislord, of a son to his father, and of a prince to the kingdom that he is supposed to serve.

How Simple Planning Will Keep Your Novel On Track - Freewrite Store

How Simple Planning Will Keep Your Novel On Track - Freewrite Store Today’s guest post is by Zara Altair  (@ZaraAltair), writer of The Argolicus Mysteries set in ancient Italy.  Zara also coaches budding writers to create winning stories as  The Story Bodyguard  from her home near Portland, Oregon. Planning Your Novel Works When most writers get an idea for a new story they want to dive in and get going. If you skip planning, your novel is likely to have bumps, detours, and dead ends. You are likely to spend hours of wasted time that you couldsave by planning first. Planning can help you avoid time consuming mistakes, rewrites, characters taking over and derailing the flow, and get you to the end quickly.    Novelists can streamline story writing with creative planning. First brainstorm scenes, then organize them into a story structure. The Story Brainstorm Planning a story can be creative. You don’t have to construct a rigid outline like the one’s you turned in for school. Correct planning is just a creative as the actual writing but in a different way. You brainstorm as many ideas as possible - scenes, bits of dialogue, action sequences, theMcGuffin, what trips up your protagonist. Any and every idea about the story. The ideasdon’t need to be in logical or in sequential order. At this point you are collecting all the bits and pieces you want in your story. Some writers use 3x 5† index cards.Some use a spreadsheet. Some use writing software  like Scrivener. Or, just list them out in a text document. The key is to brainstorm the story and scene ideas. ​Writers want a story unlike any other. Brainstorming your scenes is a creative way to capture the essence of your story. The ideas go straight from your head into story scenes. Keep adding scenes until you have all the scenes of your story. You can move them around as you add scenes, but don't focus on this too much. The concept is to write as many scenes as you can that will be part of your story. The key to this process is that it is a brainstorming exercise. No judgment. If a scene comes to mind, add it to the list. You'll organize them later. Organize the Bits into a Story Structure Once you’ve collected your story bits and pieces, you can rearrange them into a story sequence. This is where index cards or software with moveable components can be invaluable. You can move your ideas around until you feel you have created your story order. It doesn't matter if you use The Hero's Journey, Save The Cat beats, or any story structure device. Different structures work best for different writers. Get your basic plot points. Here is novelistKristen Kieffer's basic list. Exposition. The necessary character, setting, and background details readers need to understand the context of your novel. (Note: exposition is *not* the beginning of a novel, though most often exposition is revealed during the first few chapters in order to set the scene). Call-To-Action.The moment when the hero is called to leave the ordinary world to take part in an otherworldly adventure. Usually found in fantasy and science fiction novels. Rising Action. The series of events leading up to the climax of the story. Crises. Peaks in tension or conflict that occur throughout the rising action of the novel. Climax. The most intense crisis found in the narrative though notnecessarilythe final crisis. Falling Action. The series of events after the climax of the story where questions are answered and any remaining crises occur and are resolved. Resolution.The final moments of a novel where any remaining threads of tension are resolved and a new reality is established. Now you can place your scenes in story order, according to your chosen plot structure. Use a cork board, software, or a document to order your scenes. Some writers enjoy the tactile sensation ofphysicallymoving cards while others like the convenience of software or even text documents eliminating the need to transfer handwritten notes into typed text. It doesn’t matter which tools you use. It’s the process that will help you with your novel. Story Structure: The Container for Your Scenes At this stage two things can happen: You find you have scenes missing to complete the full story structure Scenes on your list don't seem to fit in the story structure ​Now it's time to refine your structure. If important scenes are missing you can add them to complete the full cycle of your plot. This part of the process helps you make sure the entire storyline is complete. Take a look at those scenes that don't fit in the story structure. If you don't find a place for the scenes to move the story forward, it's time to let them go. You can save them for another story if they are too precious to throw away. Rewards of Brainstorming and Structure With the scenes in line with the structure, it's time to write. The immense benefit of brainstorming the scenes is that you already know what happens. You don't have to stall wondering what comes next. You've already envisioned the scene. And, you have already envisioned the story fromstart tofinish. Once you have completed the brainstorm and structure, you’ll find may benefits to taking the time to plan your novel. Write Faster As you write, you won’t wonder what comes next. You’ll be using your creativity and writing skills to write the best scene to move the story forward. Your scenes will flow because you already know not only the basic elements of the scene but also where the scene fits in the story. You can incorporate foreshadowing without using a heavy hand. Save Time Because you are writing faster and know where you are going with the story, your novel will flow without wondering what comes next or how to follow-up on a scene later on. Eliminate Rewrites If you have done your work thinking through the story elements and the structure, you won’t toss scenes or entire chapters because the story shifted while you were writing. The time you spend at thebeginning creating and organizing your scenes, will keep you on track with your story. No Writing Yourself Into a Corner Without a plan, many beginning writers find that characters take over and lead the story off in an unforeseen direction. Then, off track theyare unable to take back control and find themselves in a â€Å"story corner.† The brainstorm and organize process shuts the door on story wandering. You Stay in the Story Flow Because you know the overall story, youare always headed toward the story end as you write. You have already tested each scene for how it fits in the overall story plan. Your only job when you are writing is to make the scene come alive. Scenes as Building Blocks Every scene is a building block for your novel. The brainstorm and structure process eliminates unnecessary scenes before youspend time writing them. You have already calculated which scenes fit inside the story structure and how they build the story within the sequence. Planning is the Key to Story Ease Simple planning eliminates many novel writing frustrations. Novel writers who use this simple technique find they are closer to their story the moment theybegin writing. They discovered plot holes and completed the story structure before writing. They save time by eliminating unnecessary scenes, conquer character derailment, and keep themselves from discouraging rewrites before they write. This simple planning process builds your story creation creativity. Every story has been told. Planning helps you create the story that is truly yours. Writers who use simple planning find their stories flow as they write scenes. They get to a satisfying conclusion and they finish the novel.    How do you plan your writing? Let us know in the comments!    Zara Altair  (@ZaraAltair) writes The Argolicus Mysteries set in ancient Italy featuring patrician Argolicus and his lifelong tutor, Nikolaos: The Used Virgin, The Peach Widow, and The Roman Heir. She writes for the web as a semantic copywriter and is working on a book for writers: SEO for Authors.  Zara also coaches budding writers to create winning stories as The Story Bodyguard from her home near Portland, Oregon.

Summary Workshop - Research Method Class Coursework

Summary Workshop - Research Method Class - Coursework Example Critical discourse analysis incorporates linguistic and critical theory concepts. The investigation has increasingly been centralized to the task of understanding the society and the human behavior. Discourse analysis has become an essential element in various fields of study due to its feature characterizing post- modern features (Somekh and Lewin 2011). According to Seale (2004a), methods of textual analysis are relevant to a variety of research projects. There has been greater urge for understanding the origin of knowledge, and its presentation mode. Further, with global development, societies and economies become increasing taking a bearing towards global production and incorporation of information, knowledge and human services. Therefore, Social Studies try to understand the changes and projected outcomes in the future by undertaking research studies incorporating discourse analysis. From the researcher’s point of view, using disclosure analysis, a number of compelling po ints can be outlined regarding the kind of practical research devised (Seale 2004b). Disclosure brings out a variety of statements of consideration providing a language for presenting certain mode knowledge. Seale (2004a) explores disclosure analysis in relation to three main stages of the process of the research study. The first one involves data collection, which is a quantitative method of studying textual data. Content analysis incorporates a standard model of research design. Starting with the topic of research formulation, the researcher seeks to establish a given population of interest for a study and outlines a considerable sample from it (Seale 2011a). In this regard, the data to be analyzed is based on a sample of texts, rather than sample of people. Secondly, the research proceeds to coding and analysis of data collected. The relevancy of data coding comes in the sense that it incorporates coming up with data representation to enhance analysis. This eases organization dat a; a large number of data gets organized into a manageable form (Seale 2004a). Data coding is objective in helping to answer unclear queries about the content analysis thus, reinforcing and instilling confidence in the research method (Seale 2004b). Lastly, we have the presentation of analyzed research findings. This involves giving out findings based on researchers’ perspective on the research topic and the outcome of the study analysis. Critical approach to discourse research aims at linking the textual data, with the underlying power structures in the society through discursive practices, from which the text of the study was drawn. The researcher’s aim lies in identifying categories, themes, ideas, roles and views in the text under study. Discourse analysis finds it importance in understanding the social interactions though the objective of the research varies from one investigator to the other. This depends on the aim of investigation with regard to an individual r esearcher. References Seale, C. (ed), 2004a. Social Research Methods: A Reader. (eBook). London: Routledge. pp. 226-228. Somekh, B. and Lewin, C. (Eds), 2011. Theory and Methods in Social Research. (eBook). (2nd ed.) London: Sage. pp. 34-40. Seale, C. (ed), 2004b. Researching Culture and Society. (eBook). London: Sage Publications. pp. 207, 241- 242, 397, 406-407 2. Ethnography According

The expansion and settlement of the U.S Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

The expansion and settlement of the U.S - Essay Example itiated the greatest sustenance mainly from Democrats especially northern states, through which the Democratic newspaper addressed an ultimate dream of widening philosophies of the U.S through no forceful and no brutal ways (Huntington). Congress and the slavery act was another reason that the US expanded. When the congress failed to pass a bill against slavery people fled in search for new territories. People fled to Kansas-Nebraska to make the positions pro or anti-slavery. Gold is a rich resource for a long time maintained the precious state. The discovery of gold in California and Klondike became a reason for people to settle in those areas in search for jobs and better lives. In addition, the completion of transcontinental Railroad 1869 as decreed by the government was another facilitator of expansion (Huntington). The ability to transport goods and people for a longer distance convinced citizens to settle wherever they wanted. People’s perception and how they have portrayed the US, has shaped the nation’s development in terms of population. Many songwriters, book authors, artists, influential leaders have painted America to be a nation flowing with milk and honey. A painting entitled American Progress has for a long time been an inspiration to most Americans and revealed the real picture of American development and expansion (Huntington). Most immigrants to the US have that thought in mind as they move to settle in the US. Among other reasons, American-Mexican war, acquisition of Hawaii and Alaska mid-19th century, French war and the Oregon Trail Dispute among many other

Justifying Vietnam Essay Example for Free

Justifying Vietnam Essay In chapters 3 and 4 of Robert McMahon’s Major Problems in the History of the Vietnam War, there are a number of reasons given for the increased American involvement in Vietnam from the late 1940s to the mid 1950s. McMahon includes several documents in these chapters that point to three main reasons used to justify our role in Vietnam. One underlying reason for the early American presence in Vietnam is given in chapter 3, where in McMahon’s first essay Cold War Strategy and U.   S. Intervention he states that, â€Å"†¦the initial U. S. commitment to provide military assistance to the French in the context of broader American Cold War priorities† (McMahon 58). I think this means that we were justified in starting a limited war with the Vietnamese to prevent a war with a superpower such as China or Russia. The Truman administration was â€Å"convinced that Moscow and Beijing had become even more dangerously opportunistic foes†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (McMahon 67). Vietnam was uniquely placed not far from these Communist countries and with our presence there we could strategically have a military presence closer to that of China and Russia than the United States is. In the Statement of U. S. Policy Toward Indochina, the State Department reviewed that, â€Å"This hatred of the Vietnamese people toward the French is keeping alive anti-western feeling among oriental peoples, to the advantage of the USSR and the detriment of the US† (McMahon 51). Our geographical position in Vietnam and subsequent relationships forged during the Vietnam War with Southeast Asian countries was a major contribution to our victory in the Cold War. The second reason justifying US presence stems from Vietnam’s weak position to fight off potential invading countries. The State Department concluded, â€Å"The countries and areas of Southeast Asia are not at present in a position to form a regional organization for self-defense nor are they capable of defending themselves against military aggressive, without the aid of the great powers† (McMahon 54). The United States had proven its military supremacy in World War II on a global scale. We had won the war and become a superpower overnight. The US was the first country to develop operational nuclear weapons and the only country to have demonstrated their use in war. We soon became the center of helping rebuild the destroyed countries by being a source of funding. All these contributed to the world power position of the United States, and now we were in a position to help countries in need. With that being said, â€Å"The State of Vietnam had a small army of 150,000 led by an inexperienced officer corps that†¦had never been allowed to have any command or staff authority. Industry had been virtually nonexistent†¦and the agricultural base of rice and rubber†¦had been wrecked by explosive landlords who had impoverished much of the peasantry† (McMahon 99). Since Vietnam was not in a state to fight without help, the United States offered our support. The third and most talked about reason discussed in the chapters is our attempt to prevent Communism spreading anywhere else. To start, document 4 conclusions state, â€Å"The whole of Southeast Asia is in danger of falling under Communist domination† (McMahon 54). It had become clear in 1954 that the French were failing to re-colonize Vietnam and without control, it would fall to Communism. The State Department concluded, â€Å"It is important to the United States security interests that all practical measures be taken to prevent further communist expansion of Southeast Asia. Indochina is a key area of Southeast Asia and is under immediate threat† (McMahon 56). In chapter 4, we learn of the domino theory as President Eisenhower explained it in 1954 and this became the most public reason shown in the media for our presence in Vietnam. It describes the fragility of Communism growing throughout the world, especially in Southeast Asia. The analogy explains dominoes set up next to each other and if one falls, the rest will quickly fall as well. This was the position of the United States that if Vietnam fell to Communism, the rest of Southeast Asia and other countries would soon follow including Burma, Thailand, the Peninsula, and Indonesia. In conclusion, the support to enhance our presence in Vietnam was one that was greatly supported in the beginning. The American people at home were afraid of Communism spreading throughout the world which would cause a bigger threat to a domestic attack. In light of the Cold War, Communism was something we were afraid of, and we did what we thought would be an intuitive move to thwart bigger ones from the USSR or China. Since we were in a position to help Vietnam, this was justification for American involvement.

History Of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Psychology Essay

History Of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Psychology Essay Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a syndrome of emotional lability, Parkinsonism, ataxia, and cognitive impairment suffered by athletes who undergo repetitive concussive and subconcussive blows to the head (Cantu 2007). Owing to its initial discovery in boxers, CTE has been various known as punch drunk, dementia pugilistica, and psychopathic deterioration of pugilist. This paper will discuss the history of research into this fascinating topic, starting with the first descriptions in the medical literature and covering the progress made in understanding the clinical presentation, epidemiology, neuropathology, and genetics of the disease. CTE was first described by the American pathologist Martland in a 1928 article on the punch drunk syndrome in boxers. Martland noted that for years boxing fans and promoters had observed cuckoo or goofy behavior in fighters. The fighters most often affected were poor boxers who would take considerable head punishment, seeking only to land a knockout blow. Punch drunk was also common among second rate fighters used for training purposes, who may be knocked down several times a day. Martland described the symptoms of punch drunk based on his examination of five boxers. The early symptoms of punch drunk were unsteady gait and slight mental confusion. Some boxers did not progress beyond this stage, while others went on to develop slow movements, hesitancy in speech, and hand tremors. In severe cases, boxers would develop a propulsive gait, Parkinsonian facies, and marked mental deterioration. Martland speculated that the mechanism of brain injury was traumatic cerebral hemorrhages follow ed by gliosis. This conjecture was based on his observation of multiple cerebral hemorrhages in people who died from acute traumatic head injury (Martland 1927). Building on Martlands work, researchers investigated the clinical course and epidemiology of CTE. Critchley observed that CTE can progress in many boxers even after they had retired, a phenomenon that to this day eludes explanation (1957). Corsellis noted that emotional lability and violent behavior tended to precede the Parkinsonian symptoms, ataxia, and cognitive decline mentioned by Martland (1973). Roberts studied the prevalence of CTE in retired professional boxers and found that 17% of subjects exhibited brain damage as determined by neurological exam and EEG abnormalities. Just as Martland observed that boxers who took more hits to the head were more likely to be punch drunk, Roberts showed that career length and number of professional fights were risk factors for CTE. Indeed, 47% of boxers whose careers were longer than 10 years suffered brain damage, compared with 13% of boxers with careers shorter than five years. Likewise, about 50% of boxers who had fought over 150 bouts had brain damage, compared with 19% of those with 50 to 150 bouts and 7% of those with less than 50 bouts (Roberts 1969). This idea of a dose-response relationship between repeated trauma and CTE was supported by the observation that amateur boxers did not suffer neuropsychological deficits due to boxing (Butler 1993). CTE is not unique to boxing, but has occurred in other sports with high rates of head trauma such as wrestling, horseracing, and parachuting as well as a case of battered wife syndrome (Corsellis 1976). Research into the gross neuropathology of CTE was spearheaded by Corsellis, who studied the brains of 15 deceased boxers, eight of whom were world or national champions (1973). Corsellis identified four common areas of brain damage and their associated clinical symptoms and signs. First, cavum septum pellucidum with fenestrations in the leaflets was a common finding. In addition, the lateral and third ventricles were enlarged and the frontal and temporal lobes were atrophied. These changes were associated with emotional lability and memory impairment. Second, degeneration of the substantia nigra, as evidenced by the loss of pigmented neurons, was associated with Parkinsonian symptoms like tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia. Third, gliosis and neuronal loss in the cerebellar tonsils was associated with loss of balance and coordination. Fourth, diffuse neuronal loss was associated with an Alzheimers-like dementia. Eight of the fifteen cases Corsellis studied exhibited all four types of brain damage. The link between CTE and Alzheimers was strengthened when in 1967, Constantinidis showed the presence of neurofibrillary tangles in brains affected by traumatic injury (1967). Subsequent research showed that the microscopic pathology of CTE differed from that of Alzheimers in two important ways. First, CTE exhibited a unique distribution of neurofibrillary tangles in the neocortex. Neurofibrillary tangles in CTE were preferentially distributed in superficial layers of the neocortex layer II and the upper two thirds of layer III. In contrast, in Alzheimers they were located primarily in deeper layers the lower third of layer III and layer V (Hof 1992). Second, whereas beta amyloid plaques are an important feature of Alzheimers disease, they are not an essential part of CTE. One study showed that fourteen out of the fifteen brains studied by Corsellis stained positive for beta amyloid deposits (Roberts 1991). However, in a series of 51 CTE cases, McKee found that beta amyloid plaques were present in only 47% of cases (2009). The pattern of neurofibrillary tangles observed in CTE overlaps with the areas of neuronal loss identified by Corsellis. McKee observed neurofibrillary tangles and tau-immunoreactive astrocytes in parts of the neocortex, basal ganglia, cerebellum, brainstem and spinal cord. The density of neurofibrillary tangles was particularly high in the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, and amygdala. This suggests involvement of the papez circuit and may explain the emotional lability observed in CTE. In addition, neurofibrillary tangles have been found in the substantia nigra and cerebellum. (McKee 2009). Recent research has suggested several mechanisms for brain injury in the setting of repeated trauma. Neurofibrillary tangles in CTE have a characteristic perivascular distribution, grouped around small intracortical vessels (Geddes 1999). This finding suggests that trauma may damage the blood-brain barrier, releasing neurotoxins that promote the formation of neurofibrillary tangles around blood vessels. In a similar vein, another study found that in many areas of CTE-affected brains the microvasculature was less dense and tortuous than normal. In addition, the distribution of this pathological microvasculature was highly correlated with the distribution of neurofibrillary tangles. The proposed explanation was that trauma damaged the microvasculature and led to the growth of neurofibrillary tangles. (Buee 1994). On a related note, neurofibrillary tangles in CTE were found to contain higher levels of iron and aluminum than those in Alzheimers disease, possibly due to damage to the bloo d-brain barrier (Bouras 1997). Diffuse axonal injury is a second possible mechanism of injury. After a concussion, disruptions in axolemma permeability and in axonal transport can lead to axotomy within 24 hours (Maxwell 1995). Indeed, in one study eighty percent of patients who died from acute head trauma showed immunocytochemical evidence of axonal injury (McKenzie 1996). A third mechanism of brain injury is the deposition of beta amyloid. Although beta amyloid plaques are present in only half of CTE cases, studies have shown that beta amyloid deposition increases after head trauma (Gentleman 1993). In addition, beta amyloid concentration in the brain is correlated with neurological recovery following head trauma (Brody 2008). Genetic studies suggest that the apolipoproteinE e4 allele predisposes to worse outcomes after traumatic brain injury. One study finds that patients with the APOE e4 allele have a two-fold higher risk of death, vegetative state, or severe disability compared to those without the allele (Teasdale 1997). The mechanism by which APOE e4 influences recovery from traumatic brain injury is unclear, though a role in neuronal repair has been suggested (Chen 1997). There are many unanswered questions regarding CTE. First, recent case reports indicate that CTE can occur in professional football players and soccer players (Omalu 2005, Matser 1998). The prevalence and risk factors for developing CTE in populations other than boxers are unknown and require further investigation. On this front, public awareness is increasing and more than 250 current and former NFL players have pledged to donate their brains to the Center for the Study of Traumatic Encephalopathy (CSTE) at Boston University School of Medicine (CSTE 2010). Second, the observation that CTE can present years after retirement from sports cannot be explained by current theories of CTE pathophysiology. Third, there has been no research into potential treatment options, though Parkinsons and Alzhemiers drugs have been used speculatively. Fourth, current preventative measures consist of return to play guidelines that sideline players who suffer concussions until their symptoms resolve. This is based on the finding that the risk of a second concussion is increased in the period following a concussion (Cantu 2003). However, no protocols for measuring degree of neurological impairment and reinjury risk in athletes have been developed. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy is a progressive neurodegenerative disease marked by emotional lability, Parkinsonism, ataxia, and cognitive decline. Since its first description by Martland, much has been learned about this disease. CTE occurs in professional athletes who suffer repeated head injury in a variety of sports, but has not been found in amateurs. Pathologically, CTE presents with neurofibrillary tangles in a distribution unique from Alzheimers and with beta amyloid deposits in about half of cases. Various mechanisms of injury have been proposed, though none have been proven. Genetic studies suggest that APOE e4 may promote CTE. Areas ripe for future research include the prevalence of CTE in sports other than boxing and the pathophysiology, treatment, and prevention of this disease.

Building Effective Teams

Work teams of all types are being empowered to perform tasks that previously were employees’ responsibility. As organizations move toward more highly empowered work teams, the organizations that invest resources to train teams can increase both team and organizational effectiveness. Management often rushes to form work teams without considering how the behaviors needed for effective team work differ from those needed for effective individual contributions. Team members may receive little or no training to ensure that they can perform the required tasks and achieve the goals set.Communication Issues in Situations 1. Not informing other departments of status and updated schedules. Improving communication in organization involves more accurate encoding, transmitting, decoding and updating at the interdepartmental level. People can overcome barriers to effective communication. They must first be aware that barriers exist and can cause serious organizational problems. Then they mus t be willing to invest the effort and time necessary to overcome the barriers. When departments do not communicate or update the status of information, then, there will be confusion in the process.To avoid this, employees must be able to follow up to determine whether important messages have been understood. Feedback doesn’t have to be verbal; in fact, actions often speak louder than words. The sales manager who describes desired changes in the monthly sales planning report receives feedback from the report itself when it is turned in. If it contains the proper changes, the manager knows the message was received and understood. Managers who tell everyone to see the big picture often create a serious communication overload.Rather than trying to keep everyone involved, top-level management need follow the â€Å"need-to-know† principle transmitting communication and updating people in other areas of the organization that need the necessary information. Sometimes it is use ful to regulate the flow of information and procedures that need to be brought to the attention of the people in the other departments. As long as performance falls within the acceptable range, the regular procedures aware followed. Misunderstandings and confusion can be reduced when adequate and timely feedback of information is done.Information must always be updated. Feedback mechanisms and reporting systems need to be established so managers know whether their messages have been understood, accepted and followed. Sometimes, a useful technique here is to manage the timing of messages so they are received in an orderly manner. This principle is similar to the procedure many executives use in responding to their in-basket. Incoming mail is sorted into piles of related topics. A similar procedure can be used, to some extent, with verbal communication where specific time periods are scheduled for discussing a specific topic.â€Å"Knowledge work is a process requiring knowledge from both internal and external sources to produce a product that is distinguished by its specific information content† (Kappes and Thomas). 2. Blaming between people of different races This is a big communication barrier that needs immediate remedy. When one has a grudge against someone, he tends to make that someone responsible for everything he finds wrong. When a person in one department blames someone, his desire to judge and punish is often what is at work.Someone blames another hen he is angry because the action made things turn out differently than he wished—if not through his words, then through his manner and tone of voice. One can put all the responsibility for what happened to him, in a way that implies what he did was â€Å"wrong† or â€Å"bad. † Moreover, blame breeds resentment. â€Å"it’s your fault! † is a red-flag phrase. It is to a person what a matador’s cape is to a bull. The hooker in blame is that smidgen of truth in what one said or implied. One can seldom say, â€Å"That’s just what you feel-it has nothing to do with me.† When a person’s blamer goes to work, it is very canny. It knows exactly where to go zap, where to pick out that nasty kernel of truth. A put-down artist is an expert at zeroing in on where you feel bad about oneself and making him feel even smaller there. Two messages get mixed up in blame: one party’s statement of how he feels (I’m angry and disappointed†) and one’s evaluation of the other party (â€Å"Scum like you shouldn’t be aloud to work in this company. †). The feelings about the situation are often hidden in the â€Å"you-are-bad† message, instead of being said straight out.One-way blaming in the organization is overcome is help open up communication between two blaming departments. Members of these departments must also be reminded that they need to take responsibility for their part in what happene d. 3. Lack of standardization among terms used with different departments. This signifies uniform and consistent procedures or knowledge of terms that employees are to follow in doing their jobs. They must be aware of not only the terms used in the different departments but also the written procedures, job descriptions, instructions, rules and regulations to standardize the routine aspects of jobs.Standards among terms used with different departments allow people to reinforce values important to the organization’s success. This approach may seem mechanical, but if terms were not standardized, many organizations couldn’t achieve their goals and will have confusion of meanings in the process. Terms serve to bind as well as to separate departments. Terms sometimes block more than they reveal. They can prevent a true look. One is unlikely ever to know the whole truth of something. Someone else may see or touch a thing in a different way than one does, and know another side of it.An idea or statement, or concept is true to the degree that it helps one accurately experience the thing or event it represents. Some of the terms team members use are: free riding which means that a member does not contribute fully to team performance but still sharing in team rewards despite making less effort than the others; groupthink which is an agreement-at-any-cost mentality that results in ineffective work team decision-making and may lead to poor solutions; productive controversy which occurs when team members value different points of view and seek to draw them out to facilitate creative problem-solving (Hellriegel et al 1996).Dryer and Ericksen (March 2004) propose that human behaviors in high-reliability organizations can affect organizational performance. They examine several Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) strategies that engender and reinforce certain human behaviors that in turn can result to reliability in organizations that â€Å"operate under t rying conditions, i. e. , those that manage complex and interdependent systems subject to substantial external volatility. † They believe reliability in organizations (like mining firms) is a â€Å"critical process-based† measure of organizational performance (Dryer and Ericksen, 2004).Communication Strategy Team discussions are important. This is crucial especially in discussing feelings for these reflect the emotional climate of a tram. The four feelings most likely to influence work team effectiveness and productivity are the feelings of trust, openness, freedom and interdependence. The more these feelings are present, the more likely the work team will be effective and the members will experience satisfaction. These feelings probably are present in a formal or informal group to which one belongs if they agree with the following statements:– Trust- Members have confidence in each other. – Openness – Members are really interested in what others ha ve to say. – Freedom – Members do what they do out of a sense of responsibility to the group, not because of a lot of pressure from others. – Interdependence – Members coordinate and work together to achieve common goals. Indeed, in organizations, departments can easily get into trouble when they forget that they are sometimes dealing with abstractions, and then act as though they were concrete things and events. REFERENCES Dryer, L. and Ericksen, J. (March 2004).Towards a Strategic Human Resource Management Model of High Reliability Organization Performance: A Working Paper. Center for Advanced Human Resource Studies, Cornell School of Labor and Industrial Relations. Retrieved Oct. 30, 2006 at: http://www. ilr. cornell. edu/depts/cahrs/downloads/pdfs/workingpapers/WP04-02. pdf Hellriegel, D. Jackson S. and Slocum, J. (1996). Management. USA: International Thomson Publishing. Kappes, S. and Thomas, B. A Model for Knowledge Worker Information Support. Know ledge Worker Information Management. Retrieved Oct. 30, 2006 at: http://www. cecer. army. mil/kws/kap_supp. htm Building Effective Teams Building a global-based team is not as easy as building a new internal team in the company. There are many things to be considered. Creating a single team composed of different nationalities with different cultures should be done with thorough research and full attention. Several factors need to be looked at and taken into consideration to build an effective global team working together despite the geographical barriers. A good mix of international team members can only be obtained if the right criteria in the selection are correctly set.The rest of this paper discusses some of the criteria that would best help in the purpose of building a global-based team working effectively towards a common goal. Selecting Global Sales Team Members As an HR Manager tasked to come up with an effective global sales team, there should be some criteria that would better facilitate the selection of team members. Some of these criteria can be the following: †¢ Each member should be open to the fact of working with other members from other countries. †¢ The member should have a proven record of being responsible and reliable in their jobs especially when it comes to important tasks or assignments.†¢ Excellent communication skills, especially when it comes to dealing with business projects and endeavors, need to be exhibited by the global team member. †¢ The member should have a sense of independence and organization. Working in a global-based team means a possibility of working in a virtual environment where members are not directly supervised by a manager. The member should be able to work on his own at times and organized enough to be able to manage his own time in order to accomplish all the deliverables on time.As mentioned, if a global sales team is desired, there is a possibility that the members will work together in a virtual environment. With this in mind, I would probably decide on building a team composed of highly experienced professionals with prove n and excellent track record. These professionals should also exhibit the criteria and characteristics mentioned above. All of those things are necessary in building an effective global sales team. As the manager who is in charge of building the team, I would ensure that every member of the team is aware of the team’s nature.They should be briefed when it comes to differing time zones, languages, culture and work ethics of each member since they belong to different nationalities. The members of this global team should fully and clearly understand the objectives and goals of the global team. Since the members do not work in just a single location, they should exhaust all possible means of communication. With today’s technology, working in a virtual team, with members located in all parts of the globe, is now easy because of all the advanced means of communications easily available to anyone just like email, mobile phones and internet telephony.An effective communication is crucial in the success of any global-based team. For a global team to build trust and integrate well with each other, Mitchell (2000, p. 162) said that â€Å"team members [should] realize that each culture has much to offer. The team [should] take the best from each culture and mold them into a team personality that reflects the diverse nature of team members. † References Mitchell, C. (2000). A Short Course in International Business Culture. Novato, CA: World Trade Press.

Accident Analysis Essay

In January 25, 1990, Avianca Flight 52, a Boeing 707 left Bogota, Colombia for New York. After more than an hour of delay, the plane ran out of fuel and crashed in the town of Cove Neck, Long Island, New York, killing 73 people, including 9 crew members and 65 of the 149 passengers, and injuring the rest. Analysis of this accident would show how human error, faulty systems and bad weather conditions caused this accident. The flight crew did not officially declare that they were running out of fuel until it was already too late. The accident could have been avoided if the flight crew has clearly stated that they were really in trouble. Language barrier could have played a part since the crew only asked for â€Å"priority† which in Spanish could mean that they were in trouble. The crew should have notified their fuel load to Air Traffic Control when they were put on hold for the first time. This simple information could have made the difference. ATC could have suggested earlier an alternate airport had they known this information. Instead, the pilots literally went around in circles waiting for further instructions. By the time the flight was cleared for landing, it only had enough fuel for one last approach. When the plane was on its final approach, it encountered wind shear, a change of wind direction over short distances. ATC only informed the flight crew of wind shear at 1500 feet. The crew had to abort their approach because they would fall short of the runway. The flight was doomed after that incident. Even if they were redirected to an alternate airport prior to the approach, they would not have enough fuel to make it to Boston. The question now is why the flight crew didn’t consult their flight dispatch about possible alternate airports which are not as busy as the John F. Kennedy International. The answer maybe the breaking of the sterile cockpit rule below 10,000 feet. The sterile cockpit rule below 10,000 feet states that pilots should not talk about things that are not necessary during crucial stages of the flight, which is usually below 10,000 feet. The pilots mind may have wandered off due to the long delay the Air Traffic Control has given them. In a sense, Air Traffic Control failed to prioritize air traffic in JFK international. Though Avianca flight 52 did not declare its fuel load problems earlier, it did say that it wanted priority. In like mentioned earlier, due to language barrier, â€Å"priority† may have been already a distress call. Air Traffic Control confirmed this request but what kind of priority is a seventy seven minute delay? Obviously, the failure of the flight crew and Air Traffic Control to communicate properly resulted to this horrible accident. This accident could have been avoided if the airline had their own operational control dispatch system that could have assisted them when Air Traffic Control has apparently ignored them. A standardized terminology in fuel related problems also contributed to the plane’s crash. If there was only a universal term to describe what the flight was actually experiencing, the language barrier between Air Traffic Control and the pilots would have been irrelevant. To sum up, the plane crash was a result of contributing factors, communication problems, probable mental lapse of the pilots, lack of proper terminology, and unfavorable winds. This accident proves that constant communication is important in air travel and a high level of concentration is required for the job. Pilots should be trained extensively before giving them their licences, including language training that ensures pilots can converse well in English. In this aspect, a standard language for aeronautical terms should be established. Though the wind shear caused further delay, the plane could have made another attempt if only it had not been idle for more than hour.

Going home Essay Essays

Going home Essay Essays Going home Essay Essay Going home Essay Essay This is a first individual narrative of a soldier in Iraq who had been victim to an eventide ambuscade by violative military personnels. The narrative begins with the soldier already in the infirmary. months after the ambush incident. nursing a fractured right pes. At about this clip. word besides came out that President Bush was traveling to retreat five 1000s plus work forces from Iraq so that they could be home for the vacations. The soldier hopes that he is portion of the list of work forces who would be recalled. In the interim. the soldier recounts the events that led to his current state of affairs. : The soldier reveals that many had died in the ambuscade and he was simply one of those who survived. The ambuscade took topographic point while they were on their manner to the North US Detachment. While telling the narrative of how he had become a hurt US soldier. the storyteller besides offers penetrations into how war can be loyal and how it can alter the class of events for the universe at big. The soldier besides references in his reminiscing that they were non the true heroes of war. instead the true heroes were the households they left back place. The storyteller dwells on this subject and comprehensively explains how the households back place should be the existent heroes in a war and non the soldiers who are really in the war. The soldier besides offers penetrations into how ghastly a war can be and how uneconomical it is when it comes to lives wasted ; but despite his positions on the war. the soldier remains firm in his beliefs and holds on to the idea of his household waiting back place. The narrative ends with the soldier being called to the muss hall along with many others for the proclamation of the list of recalled soldiers. Find out if he is one of those who will return place. ( YOUR FULL Name ) ( PROFESSOR’S NAME ) ( COURSE AND SUBJECT ) ( DATE OF SUBMISSION ) GOING HOME – A SOLDIER’S STORY Christmas is fast approaching and I am trusting to hold an early Christmas gift as President Bust announced last September that approximately 5. 000 asset of us would be place for the Christmas vacations. This was portion of the limited troop decrease that was to be implemented on US military personnels before the military rush in March following twelvemonth. We are still waiting for the concluding list of soldiers who would be sent place and I am trusting that I would be in the list. I am useless here in the field anyhow. I have been in the infirmary collapsible shelter for the past three months because my right pes suffered metameric breaks after an ambush onslaught on our squad while we were driving to the North withdrawal. We were fifteen in the truck. I was one of the lucky seven who came out of the onslaught alive. I was in the dorsum of the truck and as usual. I felt like I had to watch my ain back every bit good as I was watching the dorsums of the other soldiers who were with me in the truck. It was approximately eleven in the eventide. We all had to go in the screen of darkness to avoid being detected by hostile military personnels. From a distance. the sound of howitzer seemed every bit natural as the cleft of boom on a balmy eventide. A false. ruddy dawn could be seen from the skyline as fires from explosives endlessly lighted up the skyline. It was cold – in the desert. the temperatures are utmost. Daytime is highly hot and the eventide can be every bit cold as it is hot during the twenty-four hours. We were all in our disguise uniforms. but these were merely flimsy fabric – weak protection from possible slugs coming our manner or even isolated shrapnel from distant detonations. I feared for my life but besides thought of the state. and the universe. and what it would be like if the US did non establish an violative against hostile military personnels here in Iraq. In my bosom I could non understand why I had to travel through such horror and set my life on the line for such a cause ; but when I think of my immature married woman waiting for me back place. and my three month old girl. I understand why I have to be here. The arms of mass devastation that Iraq may be concealing from the universe may be cause for the devastation non merely of the US but besides of the universe as we know it and this entirely told me that my being here was deserving everything I had ; but so once more. I can neer deny the fact that there could hold been better yearss. About an hr into the trip. the truck grinded to a arrest ; a co-soldier who was seated beside the driver saw something through his dark vision field glassess. A group of armed work forces were stationed about half a mile off and it seemed that they did non detect our attack because they were huddled together in a close circle apparently holding a drink. We did non happen this cause for dismay because periodically. throughout the route. were friendly military personnels from the other side who were procuring travel paths for civilians. However. since we could non place them from a distance. there was no pick but to be on guard and travel frontward until we were near adequate to place them. The driver had turned off the headlamps and slowed down to a crawl to fix for our attack. When we were merely a few metres off. I heard one of the work forces stationed at the route call out a piercing cry that to me sounded like a decease sentence. At that really minute a fusillade of gunshot punctuated the distant detonations and we all lay level on the floor of the truck. In what seemed similar everlastingly. the truck turned about and sped towards the other way back to the cantonment. The gunshot continued and it was at this minute that I felt warm liquid oozing into the cloth of my uniform from the dorsum. I turned about to see one of my co-soldiers slumped on my dorsum with blood streaming from his cervix. I rapidly stood to look into on the other work forces with me in the dorsum of the truck. Four of them had been severely hit. two were unharmed. and seven of us suffered minor hurts. Mine was a gunfire lesion that pierced my right mortise joint. Subsequently. it turned out that the driver had been severely hit every bit good. so it was the other army officer with him in the front place who was already driving the truck. We made cantonment about three hours after the incident. We had already been midway through the six hr trip that was supposed to take us to the North withdrawal. We were all brought to the infirmary and the dead instantly interred into glistening black organic structure bags that reflected the ruddy blaze that rose up from the distant skyline. The cantonment chaplain said a supplication over the dead and another officer bend down to take out their Canis familiaris tickets. they name spots. and some of their personal effects. I imagined how hard this was for the officer. I imagined how it would hold been had I been one of them. The undermentioned twenty-four hours two or three officers from the US Military back place would be at the porch of our house presenting the sad intelligence to my married woman and my girl. I imagined how they would experience. and how much they would detest the province for directing me to war ; but I was lucky to be alive. or non. Now. I had to cover with the gruesome images that I had witnessed. I had to pass my life thought of what is and what could hold been. I would likely be found staring into the inkiness for many lone hours seeking to happen a decent and even logical ground for this manslaughter – but I was determined to travel place in one piece. if non for my married woman and girl. at least for a state and a universe that was waiting for a gleam of hope that could come out of this bloodshed. Logically. bloodshed is bloodshed and nil good could come out of war. It was ever like taking between two immoralities – the lives of 100s of work forces and adult females in exchange for the peaceable hereafter of my state and the universe. The pick was ever easy and I found it an award to be contending for this cause. albeit fleeting periods of oppugning and concluding and oppugning once more. I felt that I was non a hero here ; the existent heroes are the households we have left behind ; female parents. male parents. married womans. hubbies. girls. and boies. They are the existent heroes for holding to cover with our absence and holding to populate their lives every twenty-four hours with the cognition that we may non even return alive. They are the existent heroes for holding to lie to the guiltless 1s about male parents and female parents who were out at that place contending for the state because this was the lone manner to guarantee the future – of class. there are other ways. but when some other ways seem black and impracticable. war is frequently the method of pick. These people are the existent heroes non because they sacrificed anything but because they refuse to merely melt into the sundown and allow travel of the chances of peace and integrity for the whole universe. They are at that place back place non for any ground. but for a ground that all of us in this universe would one twenty-four hours remember and be thankful about. We. in the field. we are here because of them and their foolproof belief and hope in our cause ; we are here because of their love and the fact that before we sleep at dark our heads swim in oceans of faces – the faces of our existent heroes. The bugle had been sounded. Our superior had called us all to the muss hall to denote who would be traveling place for Christmas and who wouldn’t. With my crutch in tow and a pes heavy with plaster dragging behind. I go to the muss hall. The superior went through the list. The visible radiations have been turned out after the list was read. I was walking back to the infirmary. I was traveling place.

Could the self be an illusion

Could the self be an illusion The self, defined as an absolute, unchanging entity, which possesses unity, continuity and clear boundaries, may well be an illusion.Unity and continuity are easily disrupted in the normal course of life; they may be merely coincidental. Our supposedly unchanging selves do in fact alter according to their circumstances; the boundaries of the self change and a single self may even split to form multiple selves. By examining the self in terms of unity, continuity and boundaries, I will show how the possibilities for disruption of the self, as defined above, imply that it could be an illusion.Unity of a self implies that there is something that unites all my thoughts, feelings and experiences, i.e. that there is some sort of glue that makes them all true of me. The tendency is to call the glue the "self". Locke defined this as consciousness, that is, a person being "self to itself" by its consciousness of its present thoughts and actions .English: Neural Correlates Of ConsciousnessSo a single seat of consciousness may be termed a single self.This definition holds for my waking hours; however, there are obvious disruptions. What happens when I am anaesthetized, or fall into a deep sleep? I am not conscious of my present thoughts; I cannot even be said to have any "present thoughts". There are no experiences to be glued together, and there is no glue to bind them. Even when I dream, I may not be myself in my dream; I may, for example, be a butterfly . If the unified "I", as defined above, can somehow cease to exist for a time or be different things at different times, then unity, as defined by Locke, may be merely coincidental.The second question is that of continuity, that is, the sameness of the self over time.

English Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

English - Research Paper Example The world is full of personalities who have been made stars just because of their involvement in soccer. Their every aspect of life has been defined by this game loved by many. The scope of beneficiaries of the game is wide and range from the footballers themselves to coaches who teach the youth how to play soccer. Like in Europe, soccer has a considerable share of the European economy and for this it forms an important part of the economy. It supports other industries and hence treated with a lot of seriousness it accords. To other parts of the world, soccer is used for similar reasons among others. This research is explores how soccer can be used in shaping the live of youth. It digs deep into the possibilities of using soccer game to help youth dream big, be disciplined and have a clear focus about their future. In addition, it evaluates how soccer can be used to instill teamwork and self-reliance besides assessing how popular soccer is among the youth, the age commonly attracted to soccer and finally the risks associated with the act of playing soccer. This is done in a very systematic way in which several resources are used to get the fine details. All time professionals’ life in the game, like David Beckham, has been studied so that a fine grip of the reality at the ground is realized. The of talks of renowned football coaches is also studied so as to unearth the truths which help these coaches instill discipline in these young players. Adolescent is quite challenging among many youth and hence means and ways to curb the effects of troubled adolescents through soccer are studied closely to yield reliable information for governments and other concerned bodies to take action. Soccer and Life skills In life, failure to have discipline in any life undertaking is failure already. David Beckham acknowledges that for one to succeed in football, he has to be disciplined. Football does not request for discipline, but instead it demands for it. You have to m ake a choice; either to be disciplined and learn football or to forget about soccer. Discipline in soccer is a wide aspect. Plainly, it can be stated that discipline is doing what is right all the time for the right purpose and place. When it is time to eat, go and eat. When it is time to play, you just have to go and play. Nevertheless, in soccer, discipline calls for more than just this. A player’s rise to stardom has to establish a very strong foundation of discipline. Respect is of great importance when it comes to adding to discipline. Soccer is a game which entails a lot of stakeholders. There are the players who are teammates, the coach, the team doctors, management team fans, etc. A good relationship between you and all these members of a team depends mostly with the respect which exists in between. Everybody yearns to relate well with the people around them and for this is easily achievable through the discipline of respecting others. It begins with acknowledgement a nd dip conviction that everybody in the team is important. This conviction yields respect which in turn stabilizes discipline. When practiced over and over, it becomes habitual. Respect being a 2-way traffic, you will be respected back by those whom you respect. When playing the game, you are not alone in the field. Youth react very quickly to any happening; either good or bad. With proper respect induction which comes with football training, it is

Research paper that is about Obama Care Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

That is about Obama Care - Research Paper Example Since the law requires that all Americans should have health insurance by 2014, Obama care is created to ensure this target to be achieved. It does not alter the way insurance is received and one can normally purchase a private insurance or get an employer based insurance. Moreover, the insurance can be obtained through a government program like Medicaid or Medicare. Obama care simply adds new opportunity to the health care and a new way to buy the insurance. It is available for purchasing through  State  Health Insurance  Marketplaces. Along with the benefits and compensations that usual insurance provides to its owner, Obama care offers a number of  new benefits and rights as well as protections  that include provisions for young adults to stay on their insurance plan till they become twenty- six. It also can be stopped from dropping an individual when one is sick. The new program prevents against gender discrimination. It also gives an opportunity to a rapid appeal of the insurance company decisions, it is possible also to enlarge the coverage of the insurance to tens of millions,  subsidize health insurance costs and require all the insurance companies to cover people with  pre- existing conditions. New rights according to the Obama care  also include the options that most health insurance  programs for elders cover. It offers  preventive services  and ensures with more new important health benefits. Other health benefits are  the emergency care, hospitalization, prescription of drugs, materni ty care and newborn care. Along with these availabilities, there are free preventive possibilities that include check- ups on the year basis, immunization activities, counseling and screenings. More than hundred million Americans have already felt these benefits. These cases have touched critical preventive activities for free, thus saving billions of

Impact of an all women department vs. an all male department in a Research Paper

Impact of an all women department vs. an all male department in a company - Research Paper Example According to the statistics of the women working in the business world, it has come to an observation that a big portion of the women in the modern world are at the senior level positions in the organizations from across several business industries around various portions of the world. These business sectors include financial services, pharmaceuticals, insurance companies, banking, oil, and gas, health care, telecommunications and several others. Women have not only come under recognition due to transporting expertise in various processes within the organization that entails change management, diversity management, system theory and several others but also have come under appraisal for their enduring leadership skills and teamwork effectiveness (Cleveland & Stockdale &  Murphy, 2000). While looking at the other end of the spectrum, the records and information also reveals the truth that woman in quite a few nations of the world comes under consideration as the weakest vessel that c an never be on parity with the man. Moreover, they have restricted and limited access to a variety of sectors such as political and business. Indeed, they face a number of problems in the world of commerce that incorporate lower salaries, enjoy fewer benefits, do not get sufficient trainings, and lacks in progression or expansion as compared to the men working in the same organization. In addition, women are significantly prone to issues of unemployment and being a victim of harassment both physical and mental (Maatta, 2009). Studies also provide with evidence that the rate of female unemployment is escalating at a calamitously unprecedented rate in quite a number of countries. While on the other hand, the developing countries are making efforts to practice the equal employment opportunity and give fair treatment to all the employees of the enterprise. Furthermore, these organizations aims towards achieving productive work form all the employees regardless of their genders and provi de them a working environment of â€Å"freedom, equity, security, and human dignity† (Maatta, 2009). Studies and surveys have also provided with the information that within the past few decades, the women have contributed to a substantial level in the growth of the GDP on a global basis. Moreover, the current era is alleviating the prejudice attribute from the business world, thus, creating immense scope for the women to boost their productivity and incomes, as these features have been one of the biggest issues that the women used to face in the times of yore (Maatta, 2009). Teams have come under design in order to achieve the goals and tasks of the enterprise that have emerged to be complex and multifaceted. However, teamwork within the organization is â€Å"one of the most effective and efficient way of achieving incredible results with productive performances from the employees† (Carroll, 2011). Moreover, it also facilitates the employee in personal and career devel opment while determining one’s own strengths and weaknesses (Carroll, 2001). When it comes to decision-making, do women and men tend to think in a similar manner or do their brains have a different working mechanism? This is one of the primary questions that come to the mind of a person when talk men and women in relation to their decision-making capabilities.

The Human Mind Essay Example for Free

The Human Mind Essay Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Computers are everywhere and the processors for personal computers these days are more powerful. In the last decade, we have witnessed the advancement of computer in the areas of movies and entertainment, multimedia arts, science and technology, business and industries, health, sports, and education. Humans have created the very useful and powerful machines that have made our lives convenient. However, there are shades of controversies and arguments claiming the superiorities and abilities of either the human brain or the computer’s processor. Humans have created and developed a great machine and the capabilities of their creations have gone beyond our imagination. Human Mind and Computer   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   People created computers and software that functions like the human mind. The human brain processes information similar to a computer. It receives information, scrutinizes it, stores it, and remembers past knowledge to work out problems rationally. Since the human mind possesses all the memories of past events and memories of everything that has happened in our life, we can use it to recall the information that we need. For instance, while you are driving, you hear an old familiar music on the radio that you have not heard for a long time. You are thinking of the name of singer who sung the song and suddenly you recall the name of the singer and the lyrics of the song. The human brain is sometimes faulty and does not always work they way we want it to but our memory comes back while we may be thinking of something completely different. This problem is due to the organization of memory in the human mind. The human brain stores millions of memories but it has no idea where they are located (New York University Office of Public Affairs, 2008). The information in the brain is retrieved not by knowing where it is, but by using cues or clues that hint at what we are looking for (ibid.)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Gelgi (2000) wrote that consciousness or the understanding process is the most important factor that differentiates the computer from the human mind. He further stressed that the computer can compute the data given but it cannot understand what it is. It can perform any operation for which it is programmed but it cannot evaluate nor make its own judgments (Priddy, 1999). A good example of this statement can be applied in statistical analysis where the researcher feeds the raw scores into the computer to determine the results of the survey. The computer will yield either a â€Å"1† or â€Å"2† that may represent â€Å"yes† or â€Å"no† respectively but it cannot provide a descriptive analysis of the data. The computer simply follows instructions; hence it does not have a mind. Searle (1980) claimed that the mind is not a computer program because computer programs has a syntax and human minds have semantics and is not an algorithm. Humans obtain information through the senses and they have the ability to read and interpret facial expressions (Technology Research News, 2006). Because of our ability to pick up gestures and understand body language, we tend to disregard the use of verbal expression. When we see a person smile, nod, and raise his eyebrows, we can interpret this as a sign of greeting or saying â€Å"hi† or â€Å"hello† in non-verbal manner. A computer is a powerful machine that is capable of repetitive and logical functions but it cannot be compared to the human brain as it cannot communicate with us in a manner we are accustomed to (ibid.). Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Computers are extensions of the human mind and body. The complexities of the human brain in terms of thinking process and its multitude neuron network structures cannot be duplicated by machines that are controlled and created by human beings. Computers are effective tools that has made our lives more comfortable but it does not have the capability to think, feel, interpret, and decide like human beings. References Gelgi, F. (2000). Can AI be more advanced than the human mind? Retrieved July 4, 2008 from http://www.public.asu.edu/~fgelgi/ai/ai_mind/ai_mind_ess.htm. New York University Office of Public Affairs (2008). Human mind product of chaotic evolutionary path, NYU psychology professor concludes in new book. Retrieved July 5, 2008 from http://www.nyu.edu/public.affairs/releases/detail/2087. Priddy, R. (1999). The mind-computer analogy. Retrieved July 5, 2008 from http://home.no.net/rrpriddy/lim/13.html. Searle, J.R. (1980). Minds, brains, and programs. Retrieved July 5, 2008 from http://members.aol.com/NeoNoetics/MindsBrainsPrograms.html. Technology Research News (2005). Pattern recognition: computers and human communications. Retrieved on July 4, 2008 from http://www.trnmag.com/Stories/2005/030905/HIW_Pattern_Recognition_030905.html.

Religion in Joshua and The Children :: Joshua and The Children Essays

Religion in Joshua  and The Children    Herm’s question, â€Å"Josh, what do you think of Religion?† becomes the beginning of a period of both joy and conflict for Joshua as he is then often encountered with many related questions and, later, contradiction from the Church. These questions all lead to similar answers, in which Joshua expands on his ideas. And because of this further discussion, it’s important to read all of his responses throughout the book in order to understand his reply and to intelligently decide to agree or disagree. Therefore, my reaction to Joshua’s reply is based on everything he said concerning religion.   The question arises from a discussion between Pat, Herm, and Joshua concerning his lifestyle. They are walking home from breakfast at the diner and the other two are interested in why Joshua doesn’t mind living alone. â€Å"Don’t you get lonesome living by yourself?† Herm asks (72). But Joshua explains to them that he values the serenity of living alone. He tells them that he can peacefully enjoy the beauty of nature outside and the animals also keep him company at times. But the main reason why Joshua never feels alone is that God is always with him, loving him always, and will never abandon him: â€Å"No. I like being by myself†¦ God is with us all the time† (72). Pat and Herm agree but still can not imagine living alone without any feeling of loneliness and this discussion of God leads to Herm’s question.   Joshua’s response is similar to a sermon or speech, and is over a page in length; he is firm in these beliefs and reiterates them several times throughout the book. He is very prepared for the question; before saying a word he asks, â€Å"the way it [religion] is or the way God intended it to be?† (73). And when he is sure of the latter, releases everything inside him, as if he was just waiting to explain what people had been doing wrong. His main point is that Jesus wanted to free those under the pressure of rules in their religions and offered a comforting God who loved them, asking only for honor and worship in return. Joshua is also disappointed in the way the clergy preside over their congregations: â€Å"Jesus did not envision bosses†¦ He wanted his apostles to guide and serve, not to dictate and legislate† (74).

Analysis of Hydrated copper sulphate Essay

Aim – To determine the molecular formula of hydrated copper sulfate. Requirements – Hydrous copper sulfate Electronic balance Evaporating dish Glass rod Tripod stand Bunsen burner Crucible Procedure – First I weighed 3g of hydrous copper sulfate on electronic balance and began heating it in an evaporating dish on top of a Bunsen burner. After the reaction was complete I measured the new weight to find a change in mass. Qualitative data – After the reaction was complete, the colour changed from blue to white due to a loss of water crystals. Faint green tinge became evident and fine white powder was formed from crystals. Continued heating led to formation of oliver green colour. Quantitative data – Original weight of hydrous copper sulfate – 3g Error in electronic balance –  ± 0.001g (provided by the teacher) Data collection – Trial 1 1.96g Trial 2 1.87g Trial 3 1.94g Data Processing – To minimize the errors I conducted three trials and averaged the readings to find a more accurate answer. = 1.93 g  ± 0.001 Change in mass = (3  ± 0.001) – (1.93  ± 0.001) = 1.07  ± 0.002 The change in mass was due to the loss of water crystals. Water (H20) has a molar mass of 18g. Therefore the change in mass must be equal to the mass of water present in copper sulfate. No of moles of water evaporated = = 0.059  ± 0.002moles The molar mass of anhydrous copper sulfate is 159.6g. No of moles of = = 0.012  ± 0.001moles In the equation I took the no of moles of water as x because it is unknown. CuSO4.xH20 → CuSO4 + xH2O According to the equation the mole ratio between copper sulfate and water is 1: x. Therefore 1:x = 0.012  ± 0.001: 0.059  ± 0.002 x = = 4.9  ± 0.588 Conclusion – Hence the x value can be rounded off to 5 to get an integer answer. This means that in 1 molecule of hydrous copper sulfate there are 5 atoms of water present as crystals. The result is also equal to the literature value which was provided by the teacher and there seems to be no deviation because the answers are taken as integer and decimal points are excluded. The only systematic error present was in electronic balance. Moreover random error could have been caused during heating of the salt i.e. overheating or underheating. This error depends on the sight of colour change, therefore this is a very hard random error to eliminate. Evaluation – As the answer is taken as integer, there seems to be zero error however still a lot of errors are possible while conducting this experiment. During the heating of hydrous copper sulfate there maybe some water crystals still left due to inappropriate stirring and overheated or underheated salts could have also caused error. Main error which is inevitable is the hydration of crystals after being heated. The reaction is reversible and the after heating there could have been water vapour in the air which could have combined with the salt. Hence these can also lead to deviations in results. To improve upon these errors we must make sure that after the salt is heated, its weight must be measured immediately so that there is very less time gap between it. Furthermore proper stirring and care taken during heating can also minimize errors.